West Long Branch, NJ – Donald Trump is ending his presidential term with his job approval rating on the high end of the narrow band it has occupied over the last four years. However, the Monmouth (“Mon-muth”) University Poll also finds that most Americans think the country has become more divided since he took office. Still, a small but significant portion of the public gives Trump credit for “draining the swamp” and more than a third believes he has actually worked to protect, rather than undermine, the U.S. Constitution. Expectations that Washington will improve under Joe Biden are tempered to say the least.
Three-fourths (76%) of Americans believe that we are greatly divided when it comes to the nation’s most important values. Just 21% feel we are generally in agreement on these values. These findings have been fairly consistent over the past four years. Similar numbers of Republicans, Democrats, and independents are in agreement that the country is fundamentally divided. They don’t quite agree, though, on how much of this is due to President Trump.
More than two-thirds of Americans feel the country has become more divided since Trump took office. This number started out at 52% in March 2017, crept up to 62% the following year and then 66% this past summer, and has hit 70% in the current poll. Partisans differ on this opinion – 90% of Democrats say the country has become more divided under Trump while 49% of Republicans agree. Only 31% of the public believes the country will grow more united over the next year, while 25% expect us to become more divided and 35% expect to see little change. About half (49%) of Democrats expect the U.S. to become more united, but a similar number (48%) of Republicans expect that the divide will widen.
“We agree on the problem – the country is deeply divided at its core. However, we don’t quite agree whether compromise or principle will get us out of this political quagmire,” said Patrick Murray, director of the independent Monmouth University Polling Institute.
When asked what they think is causing more problems in the federal government, 51% point to elected officials who are not willing to compromise. On the other hand, 42% say Washington’s problems actually stem from elected officials who are not willing to stand up for their principles. Looking ahead to the new administration, nearly twice as many Americans think it is more important for Congressional Republicans to find ways to work with Biden (62%) as say it is more important for them to keep the new president in check (34%). Half the country expresses confidence that Biden will be able to get Washington to be more cooperative, although only 13% are very confident about this while 38% are somewhat confident.
“If wishes were horses, as the saying goes. The public consistently expresses a preference for compromise and cooperation, but there is also a deep-seated distrust of the other side. If there’s one thing political leaders have learned over the past decades, playing up that distrust is a path to short-term political gain even if it may erode public faith in the system as a whole,” said Murray.
A majority of the public (56%) has a great deal of concern that the country would suffer lasting damage if people who hold core political principles different from their own were able to put their policies in place. Another 29% have some concern about this. These findings have been fairly consistent since Monmouth started asking this question four years ago. Majorities of Republicans (64%) and Democrats (55%) have a great deal of concern about the lasting damage that would be done if the other side had policymaking power.
Turning to the impact of the outgoing president on the political system, just 29% feel Trump has made progress on his promise to “drain the swamp” in Washington. Another 32% say he has actually made “the swamp” worse and 34% say nothing has really changed. These findings have been largely consistent across multiple polls since Trump took office. Just one-third (33%) feel that “the swamp” will get better under Biden, 34% say it will get worse, and 27% expect it will stay about the same.
Just under half (45%) of the American public believes Trump has done more to undermine the U.S. Constitution compared to past presidents. However, a very sizable 37% actually believes Trump has done more than his predecessors to protect the Constitution and another 15% believe he has been no different than other presidents when it comes to upholding the Constitution.
“This may be the most alarming finding in the poll. No one who truly appreciates our country’s founding document can see the last four years as a high-water mark for upholding Constitutional norms. This speaks to the success of Trump and his allies in completely reframing the terms of political engagement, a development that started long before the current administration,” said Murray.
President Trump’s current job rating stands at 46% approve and 51% disapprove. The approval number matches his prior high recorded in March this year, just as the coronavirus outbreak hit the country. Two months ago, though, Trump had a 41% approve to 53% disapprove rating.
The overall job rating for Congress stands at 23% approve and 64% disapprove. Congressional approval has generally ranged between 16% and 25% since Trump took office, although it did briefly hit 32% in two Monmouth polls this past spring. Currently, 26% of Americans say the country is headed in the right direction while 68% say it is on the wrong track. The “right direction” number’s low point during Trump’s tenure was 18% this past June, while the highest reading was 40% two years earlier.
It is worth noting that the self-reported partisan mix in the current poll shows Democratic identification lagging Republicans by 4 points, which is only the second time Democrats have not outnumbered Republicans in a national Monmouth poll since Trump took office. The other instance was one year ago in November 2019 when the two partisan groups were the same size.
“Self-reported partisan identity is a moving target and it always fluctuates from poll to poll. Sometimes these movements are just blips and sometimes they represent a reevaluation by some voters about where they fit in the political world. It will be interesting to see what happens with partisan affiliation under a new administration,” said Murray.
The Monmouth University Poll was conducted by telephone from November 12 to 16, 2020 with 810 adults in the United States. The question results in this release have a margin of error of +/- 3.5 percentage points. The poll was conducted by the Monmouth University Polling Institute in West Long Branch, NJ.
QUESTIONS AND RESULTS
(* Some columns may not add to 100% due to rounding.)
1.Do you approve or disapprove of the job Donald Trump is doing as president?
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Early Sept. 2020 | Aug. 2020 | Late June 2020 | Early June 2020 | May 2020 | April 2020 | March 2020 | Feb. 2020 | Jan. 2020 |
| Approve | 46% | 41% | 41% | 41% | 42% | 43% | 44% | 46% | 44% | 43% |
| Disapprove | 51% | 53% | 53% | 53% | 54% | 51% | 49% | 48% | 50% | 52% |
| (VOL) No opinion | 3% | 5% | 7% | 7% | 4% | 6% | 6% | 6% | 5% | 5% |
| (n) | (810) | (867) | (868) | (867) | (807) | (808) | (857) | (851) | (902) | (903) |
| TREND: Continued | Dec. 2019 | Nov. 2019 | Sept. 2019 | Aug. 2019 | June 2019 | May 2019 | April 2019 | March 2019 | Jan. 2019 | Nov. 2018 | Aug. 2018 | June 2018 | April 2018 | March 2018 | Jan. 2018 |
| Approve | 43% | 43% | 41% | 40% | 41% | 40% | 40% | 44% | 41% | 43% | 43% | 43% | 41% | 39% | 42% |
| Disapprove | 50% | 51% | 53% | 53% | 50% | 52% | 54% | 51% | 54% | 49% | 50% | 46% | 50% | 54% | 50% |
| (VOL) No opinion | 8% | 6% | 6% | 7% | 9% | 8% | 6% | 5% | 5% | 8% | 7% | 11% | 9% | 8% | 8% |
| (n) | (903) | (908) | (1,161) | (800) | (751) | (802) | (801) | (802) | (805) | (802) | (805) | (806) | (803) | (803) | (806) |
| TREND: Continued | Dec. 2017 | Sept. 2017 | Aug. 2017 | July 2017 | May 2017 | March 2017 |
| Approve | 32% | 40% | 41% | 39% | 39% | 43% |
| Disapprove | 56% | 49% | 49% | 52% | 53% | 46% |
| (VOL) No opinion | 12% | 11% | 10% | 9% | 8% | 11% |
| (n) | (806) | (1,009) | (805) | (800) | (1,002) | (801) |
2.Do you approve or disapprove of the job the U.S. Congress is doing?
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Early June 2020 | May 2020 | April 2020 | Feb. 2020 | Jan. 2020 | Dec. 2019 | Nov. 2019 | Sept. 2019 | Aug. 2019 | June 2019 | May 2019 | April 2019 | March 2019 | Jan. 2019 |
| Approve | 23% | 22% | 32% | 32% | 20% | 24% | 22% | 23% | 21% | 17% | 19% | 20% | 24% | 23% | 18% |
| Disapprove | 64% | 69% | 55% | 55% | 69% | 62% | 65% | 64% | 68% | 71% | 69% | 71% | 62% | 68% | 72% |
| (VOL) No opinion | 13% | 9% | 13% | 13% | 11% | 14% | 13% | 13% | 11% | 13% | 12% | 9% | 14% | 9% | 10% |
| (n) | (810) | (807) | (808) | (857) | (902) | (903) | (903) | (908) | (1,161) | (800) | (751) | (802) | (801) | (802) | (805) |
| TREND: Continued | Nov. 2018 | Aug. 2018 | June 2018 | April 2018 | March 2018 | Jan. 2018 | Dec. 2017 | Sept. 2017 | Aug. 2017 | July 2017 | May 2017 | March 2017 | Jan. 2017 |
| Approve | 23% | 17% | 19% | 17% | 18% | 21% | 16% | 17% | 18% | 19% | 19% | 25% | 23% |
| Disapprove | 63% | 69% | 67% | 71% | 72% | 68% | 65% | 69% | 69% | 70% | 68% | 59% | 66% |
| (VOL) No opinion | 14% | 14% | 14% | 12% | 11% | 11% | 19% | 15% | 13% | 11% | 13% | 16% | 11% |
| (n) | (802) | (805) | (806) | (803) | (803) | (806) | (806) | (1,009) | (805) | (800) | (1,002) | (801) | (801) |
| TREND: Continued | Sept. 2016* | Aug. 2016* | June 2016* | March 2016 | Jan. 2016 | Dec. 2015 | Oct. 2015 | Sept. 2015 | Aug. 2015 | July 2015 | June 2015 | April 2015 | Jan. 2015 | Dec. 2014 | July 2013 |
| Approve | 15% | 14% | 17% | 22% | 17% | 16% | 17% | 19% | 18% | 18% | 19% | 21% | 18% | 17% | 14% |
| Disapprove | 77% | 78% | 76% | 68% | 73% | 73% | 71% | 71% | 72% | 69% | 71% | 67% | 70% | 73% | 76% |
| (VOL) No opinion | 8% | 9% | 7% | 10% | 10% | 10% | 12% | 11% | 11% | 12% | 10% | 12% | 11% | 11% | 10% |
| (n) | (802) | (803) | (803) | (1,008) | (1,003) | (1,006) | (1,012) | (1,009) | (1,203) | (1,001) | (1,002) | (1,005) | (1,003) | (1,008) | (1,012) |
* Registered voters
3.Would you say things in the country are going in the right direction, or have they gotten off on the wrong track?
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Early Sept. 2020 | Aug. 2020 | Late June 2020 | Early June 2020 | May 2020 | April 2020 | March 2020 | Feb. 2020 | Jan. 2020 |
| Right direction | 26% | 27% | 22% | 18% | 21% | 33% | 30% | 39% | 37% | 37% |
| Wrong track | 68% | 66% | 72% | 74% | 74% | 60% | 61% | 54% | 57% | 56% |
| (VOL) Depends | 4% | 4% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 6% | 6% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 2% | 3% | 2% | 3% | 1% | 3% | 5% | 3% | 1% | 1% |
| (n) | (810) | (867) | (868) | (867) | (807) | (808) | (857) | (851) | (902) | (903) |
| TREND: Continued | Dec. 2019 | Nov. 2019 | Sept. 2019 | Aug. 2019 | June 2019 | May 2019 | April 2019 | March 2019 | Nov. 2018 | Aug. 2018 | June 2018 | April 2018 | March 2018 | Jan. 2018 |
| Right direction | 32% | 30% | 30% | 28% | 31% | 29% | 28% | 29% | 35% | 35% | 40% | 33% | 31% | 37% |
| Wrong track | 56% | 61% | 61% | 62% | 62% | 63% | 62% | 63% | 55% | 57% | 53% | 58% | 61% | 57% |
| (VOL) Depends | 8% | 7% | 6% | 8% | 6% | 4% | 7% | 6% | 7% | 6% | 3% | 5% | 6% | 3% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 4% | 2% | 2% | 2% | 2% | 3% | 3% | 2% | 3% | 3% | 3% | 4% | 1% | 3% |
| (n) | (903) | (908) | (1,161) | (800) | (751) | (802) | (801) | (802) | (802) | (805) | (806) | (803) | (803) | (806) |
| TREND: Continued | Dec. 2017 | Aug. 2017 | May 2017 | March 2017 | Jan. 2017 | Aug. 2016* | Oct. 2015 | July 2015 | June 2015 | April 2015 | Dec. 2014 | July 2013 |
| Right direction | 24% | 32% | 31% | 35% | 29% | 30% | 24% | 28% | 23% | 27% | 23% | 28% |
| Wrong track | 66% | 58% | 61% | 56% | 65% | 65% | 66% | 63% | 68% | 66% | 69% | 63% |
| (VOL) Depends | 7% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 4% | 2% | 6% | 5% | 5% | 5% | 5% | 5% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 3% | 5% | 3% | 5% | 2% | 3% | 4% | 3% | 3% | 2% | 3% | 4% |
| (n) | (806) | (805) | (1,002) | (801) | (801) | (803) | (1,012) | (1,001) | (1,002) | (1,005) | (1,008) | (1,012) |
* Registered voters
[Q4-17 previously released.]
18.What causes more problems in the federal government – elected officials who are not willing to stand up for their principles OR elected officials who are not willing to compromise? [CHOICES WERE ROTATED]
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Sept. 2019 | Aug. 2016* | Jan. 2016 | Jan. 2015 |
| Not willing to stand up for their principles | 42% | 41% | 36% | 40% | 36% |
| Not willing to compromise | 51% | 45% | 55% | 50% | 54% |
| (VOL) Depends | 4% | 9% | 8% | 6% | 7% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 3% | 5% | 2% | 5% | 2% |
| (n) | (810) | (1,161) | (803) | (1,003) | (1,003) |
* Registered voters
19.Which statement comes closer to your view: Americans are united and in agreement about the most important values OR Americans are greatly divided when it comes to the most important values? [CHOICES WERE ROTATED]
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Late June 2020 | Sept. 2019 | Nov. 2018 | Dec. 2017 | March 2017 | Aug. 2016* |
| Americans are united | 21% | 18% | 27% | 20% | 23% | 22% | 27% |
| Americans are greatly divided | 76% | 78% | 68% | 77% | 72% | 75% | 70% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 2% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 5% | 4% | 4% |
| (n) | (810) | (867) | (1,161) | (802) | (806) | (801) | (803) |
* Registered voters
20.Thinking about people who hold core political principles that are different from yours, how much does it concern you that our country would suffer lasting damage if their policies were put into place – would you say a great deal, some, not much, or not at all?
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Sept. 2019 | Aug. 2016* | Jan. 2016 |
| A great deal | 56% | 56% | 50% | 50% |
| Some | 29% | 28% | 34% | 33% |
| Not much | 8% | 7% | 9% | 9% |
| Not at all | 3% | 4% | 4% | 5% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 3% | 4% | 3% | 4% |
| (n) | (810) | (1,161) | (803) | (1,003) |
* Registered voters
21.Has the country become more united, more divided, or not really changed since President Trump took office?
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Late June 2020 | Nov. 2018 | Dec. 2017 | March 2017 |
| More united | 12% | 13% | 11% | 9% | 11% |
| More divided | 70% | 66% | 62% | 63% | 52% |
| Not really changed | 16% | 17% | 25% | 26% | 34% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 2% | 4% | 3% | 2% | 3% |
| (n) | (810) | (867) | (802) | (806) | (801) |
22.Looking ahead to the next year, do you think the country will grow more united, more divided, or will not much change?
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Nov. 2018 |
| More united | 31% | 21% |
| More divided | 25% | 34% |
| Not really changed | 35% | 40% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 9% | 5% |
| (n) | (810) | (802) |
23.Putting aside any policy differences you may have, how confident are you that Joe Biden will be able to get Washington to be more cooperative – very confident, somewhat confident, not too confident, or not at all confident?
| Nov. 2020 | |
| Very confident | 13% |
| Somewhat confident | 38% |
| Not too confident | 19% |
| Not at all confident | 27% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 2% |
| (n) | (810) |
24.Do you think it is more important for Republicans in Congress to find ways to work together with Biden or more important for them to keep Biden in check?
| Nov. 2020 | |
| Find ways to work together with Biden | 62% |
| Keep Biden in check | 34% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 4% |
| (n) | (810) |
25.Compared to past presidents do you think Donald Trump has done more to protect the U.S. Constitution, done more to undermine the U.S. Constitution, or has he been no different than past presidents when it comes to upholding the U.S. Constitution?
| Nov. 2020 | |
| More to protect | 37% |
| More to undermine | 45% |
| No different | 15% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 3% |
| (n) | (810) |
26.Donald Trump promised to “drain the swamp” when he got to Washington. Would you say that he has made progress draining the swamp, that he has made the swamp worse, or that nothing has really changed?
| TREND: | Nov. 2020 | Feb. 2020 | Nov. 2019 | June 2019 | Nov. 2018 | April 2018 | Dec. 2017 | Aug. 2017 | May 2017 |
| Made progress draining the swamp | 29% | 33% | 30% | 23% | 30% | 25% | 20% | 25% | 24% |
| Made the swamp worse | 32% | 34% | 37% | 32% | 30% | 31% | 33% | 26% | 32% |
| Nothing has really changed | 34% | 28% | 25% | 35% | 33% | 37% | 38% | 39% | 35% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 6% | 5% | 8% | 9% | 6% | 7% | 9% | 10% | 8% |
| (n) | (810) | (902) | (908) | (751) | (802) | (803) | (806) | (805) | (1,002) |
27.Do you think the swamp in Washington will get better, get worse, or stay about the same with Joe Biden as president?
| Nov. 2020 | |
| Get better | 33% |
| Get worse | 34% |
| Stay about the same | 27% |
| (VOL) Don’t know | 6% |
| (n) | (810) |
[Q28-41 held for future release.]
METHODOLOGY
The Monmouth University Poll was sponsored and conducted by the Monmouth University Polling Institute from November 12 to 16, 2020 with a national random sample of 810 adults age 18 and older. This includes 289 contacted by a live interviewer on a landline telephone and 521 contacted by a live interviewer on a cell phone, in English. Telephone numbers were selected through random digit dialing and landline respondents were selected with a modified Troldahl-Carter youngest adult household screen. Monmouth is responsible for all aspects of the survey design, data weighting and analysis. The full sample is weighted for region, age, education, gender and race based on US Census information (ACS 2018 one-year survey). Data collection support provided by Braun Research (field) and Dynata (RDD sample). For results based on this sample, one can say with 95% confidence that the error attributable to sampling has a maximum margin of plus or minus 3.5 percentage points (unadjusted for sample design). Sampling error can be larger for sub-groups (see table below). In addition to sampling error, one should bear in mind that question wording and practical difficulties in conducting surveys can introduce error or bias into the findings of opinion polls.
| DEMOGRAPHICS (weighted) |
| Self-Reported |
| 32% Republican |
| 41% Independent |
| 28% Democrat |
| 48% Male |
| 52% Female |
| 31% 18-34 |
| 32% 35-54 |
| 37% 55+ |
| 63% White |
| 13% Black |
| 17% Hispanic |
| 8% Asian/Other |
| 70% No degree |
| 30% 4 year degree |
Click on pdf file link below for full methodology and crosstabs by key demographic groups.
